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Contents · Categories · Featured content · A–Z index The hippocampus is a major component of the brains of humans and other mammals. It belongs to the limbic system and plays important roles in long term memory and spatial navigation. Like the cerebral cortex, with which it is closely associated, it is a paired structure, with mirror-image halves in the left and right sides of the brain. In humans and other primates, the hippocampus is located inside the medial temporal lobe, beneath the cortical surface. In rodents, the hippocampus has been studied extensively as part of the brain system responsible for spatial memory and navigation. Many neurons in the rat and mouse hippocampus respond as place cells: that is, they fire bursts of action potentials when the animal passes through a specific part of its environment. Because of its densely packed layers of neurons, the hippocampus has frequently been used as a model system for studying neurophysiology. The form of neural plasticity known as long term potentiation (LTP) was first discovered to occur in the hippocampus and has often been studied in this structure. LTP is widely believed to be one of the main neural mechanisms by which memory is stored in the brain. (more...) Recently featured: Beth Hamedrash Hagadol – Battle of Ticonderoga – Symphonic poems From Wikipedia's newest articles: July 28: Independence Day in Peru (1821) More anniversaries: July 27 – July 28 – July 29 A sea otter (Enhydra lutris) nurses her pup from nipples on her abdomen. Native to the coasts of the northern and eastern North Pacific Ocean, sea otters eat primarily invertebrates such as sea urchins and are among the smallest marine mammals. They are vulnerable to oil spills as their primary form of insulation is thick fur. Recently featured: New River Gorge Bridge – Monarch butterfly – Operation Crossroads Wikipedia is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, a non-profit organization that also hosts a range of other projects: This Wikipedia is written in English. Started in 2001, it currently contains 2,971,879 articles. Many other Wikipedias are available; some of the largest are listed below. horyu.net

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